Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the US, and according to the Skin Cancer Foundation, one in five Americans will develop skin cancer by the age of 70.
Early detection is crucial because it increases the chances of successful treatment and reduces the likelihood of complications. This article will highlight the key signs of skin cancer, as explained by expert skin doctors and the best dermatologists in Syracuse, and will explore what you can do to protect your skin.
What Is Skin Cancer
Skin cancer occurs when skin cells begin to grow uncontrollably, forming tumors that can become cancerous. These tumors develop from damage to the DNA of skin cells, often caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds.
There are three primary types of skin cancer that skin doctors frequently diagnose:
- Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type. This type grows slowly and rarely spreads to other parts of the body.
- Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common type, which can spread if left untreated.
- Melanoma is the most dangerous form and often spreads to other body parts if not detected early.
Medical organizations such as CDC and WHO emphasize regular skin examinations to identify early signs of skin abnormalities.
Key Signs of Skin Cancer to Watch For
Skin cancer can manifest in different ways, depending on the type of cancer. Learning to identify common signs can help you seek medical advice from skin care experts or a cancer doctor early.
Changes in Moles or Birthmarks
Changes in existing moles or birthmarks are one of the earliest and most common signs of melanoma. Use the “ABCDE” rule recommended by skin cancer doctors to monitor moles:
- A (Asymmetry): If one half of the mole does not match the other half, it could be a warning sign.
- B (Border): Irregular or uneven edges may be cause for concern.
- C (Color): Multiple colors or uneven shading in a mole can indicate melanoma.
- D (Diameter): A mole larger than a pencil eraser (about 6 mm) requires attention.
- E (Evolving): Any mole or spot that changes over time should be checked by a skin cancer doctor.
Persistent Red or Pink Patches
Basal cell carcinoma often appears as persistent red or pink patches on the skin that may be mistaken for irritation or a rash. Unlike a typical rash, these patches do not resolve over time.
Unhealed Wounds or Peeling Skin
A sore that does not heal within two weeks can be an early warning sign of basal or squamous cell carcinoma. Experts recommend consulting a skin cancer doctor or dermatologist near you if you notice open sores or peeling that persists.
New Growths
Be alert to new growths on the skin, especially ones that look pearly, waxy, or dome-shaped. While not always dangerous, it is best to have a professional examination when these growths appear.
Rough or Scaly Patches
Squamous cell carcinoma often presents as rough, scaly, or crusted patches of skin. These patches may be red, raised, or tender to the touch. If you notice these symptoms, consult the best dermatologist in your area for further evaluation.
Risk Factors for Skin Cancer
While skin cancer can affect anyone, certain factors increase the likelihood of developing the disease:
- Excessive Sun Exposure: Frequent unprotected exposure to UV rays is the leading cause of skin cancer.
- Fair Skin Tone: Individuals with fair skin, light-colored eyes, and blond or red hair are at higher risk.
- Family History: A family history of skin conditions or melanoma increases your likelihood of diagnosis.
- Weakened Immune System: Conditions or medications that suppress the immune system make it harder for the body to fight off abnormal cell growth.
- Use of Tanning Beds: Artificial UV exposure significantly raises your risk of developing skin cancer.
Preventing Skin Cancer
Preventive measures greatly reduce the risk of developing skin cancer. The American Academy of Dermatology and other medical experts recommend the following:
- Use Sunscreen: Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher every day, even on cloudy days.
- Avoid Tanning Beds: Artificial tanning results in UV exposure that damages the DNA in skin cells.
- Follow the Shade Rule: Seek shade, especially during peak sunlight hours between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.
- Wear Protective Clothing: Long-sleeved shirts, wide-brimmed hats, and UV-blocking sunglasses can help protect your skin.
- Conduct Monthly Skin Exams: Check for new moles or changes in existing ones.
Skin Cancer Doctor in Syracuse, NY
If you notice any concerning skin changes, the safest option is to seek medical advice from a dermatologist. Early action improves treatment outcomes significantly.
At the Department of Medicine at SUNY: Upstate Medical University, our distinguished skin doctors and cancer doctors specialize in diagnosing and treating skin cancer at every stage. We encourage anyone with concerns about their skin health to schedule an appointment with us.
Call one of our skin cancer doctors directly or email us at DeptMedicine@upstate.edu to take the first step towards healthier, more radiant skin. We look forward to serving you!
