Our blood performs essential functions every day, from carrying oxygen to supporting our immune system. However, when something goes wrong, it can greatly impact overall health.
Hematologists specialize in diagnosing and treating conditions related to blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic systems. But how do you know when it is time to visit one?
Here are some common signs and conditions that may require a consultation with a hematologist and guide you in determining when specialized care is necessary.
What Does a Hematologist Do
Hematologists are medical doctors with expertise in hematology — the study of blood and its components, including red and white blood cells, platelets, bone marrow, and plasma. They diagnose and treat disorders like anemia, blood clotting disorders, leukemia, and immune deficiencies.
Many hematologists also practice hematology oncology, focusing on cancers like leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma.
Common Signs You May Need to See a Hematologist
If you experience persistent symptoms affecting your energy, immunity, or general well-being, it may be time to consider seeing a hematologist. Below are some common signs and reasons for scheduling an appointment.
1. Unexplained Fatigue or Weakness
Fatigue that does not improve with rest may signal issues like anemia, a condition resulting from a low red blood cell count. Anemia can occur due to various factors, including iron deficiency, vitamin deficiencies, or chronic disease.
2. Easy Bruising or Bleeding
Noticeable bruising or prolonged bleeding from minor cuts can indicate issues with your platelets or clotting factors. Disorders like thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) and hemophilia interfere with blood clotting and require specialized attention.
3. Frequent Infections
Recurring or severe infections may suggest abnormalities in white blood cells, which are vital for immune defenses.
Conditions like neutropenia (low neutrophil count) can leave you more susceptible to infections.
4. Swollen Lymph Nodes
Lymph nodes that appear swollen or persist for weeks could point to conditions like lymphoma or infections. A hematologist can perform diagnostic tests to uncover the cause.
5. Unexplained Weight Loss and Fatigue
Unintended weight loss combined with fatigue may indicate more serious medical conditions, such as cancer of the blood or lymphatic system. Consulting a hematology-oncology expert can provide clarity.
6. Blood Clots or Excessive Clotting
Conditions like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) often require evaluation by a hematologist. They specialize in identifying genetic or acquired clotting disorders that increase your risk.
7. Abnormal Blood Test Results
Often, a primary care physician may refer you to a hematologist after detecting abnormalities in your complete blood count (CBC) or other blood tests.
8. Family History of Blood Disorders
Certain blood conditions, such as sickle cell anemia or hemophilia, are hereditary. If these disorders run in your family, consulting a hematologist can help with genetic counseling and proactive management.
What to Expect During Your First Appointment With a Hematologist
During your visit, the hematologist will begin with a thorough medical history and physical examination. They may order diagnostic tests, including:
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): Measures red and white blood cells and platelets.
- Peripheral Blood Smear: Examines the shape, size, and abnormalities in blood cells.
- Bone Marrow Biopsy or Aspirate: Evaluates bone marrow function.
- Coagulation Tests: Assesses blood clotting functionality.
- Genetic Testing: Detects hereditary blood disorders.
The hematologist will review these results to determine the cause of your symptoms and discuss a treatment plan tailored to your condition.
Treatments and Management by Hematologists
Hematologists use a range of treatments to address blood-related conditions. Some common interventions include:
Medications
Medications commonly used include iron supplements to treat anemia, anticoagulants such as warfarin or Eliquis to prevent blood clots, and chemotherapy drugs to manage blood cancers. These treatments are tailored to address specific medical conditions and needs.
Transfusions and Infusions
Blood transfusions are used to treat conditions such as anemia or sickle cell disease. Platelet transfusions are administered to manage clotting disorders.
Additionally, immune globulins (IVIG) are provided for autoimmune blood disorders.
Bone Marrow Transplants
Bone marrow transplants are used to treat conditions such as leukemia or aplastic anemia.
Hematologists in Syracuse, NY
If you are searching for a medical center offering expert hematology care, consider the Department of Medicine at SUNY: Upstate Medical University. Our team includes highly trained specialists who provide comprehensive diagnostic and treatment services for hematology and hematology-oncology.
With comprehensive care and cutting-edge treatments, we are committed to improving your health and well-being.
Contact one of our hematology providers directly or email the Department of Medicine at SUNY: Upstate Medical University at DeptMedicine@upstate.edu to find out more. We look forward to serving you!
