Colon cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in Americans. However, early detection can significantly increase the likelihood of successful treatment and survival.
Regular gastro screenings play a vital role in identifying potential issues early, often before symptoms develop.
Let us explore why screenings are essential, how they work, and the role of gastroenterologists.
What Is Colon Cancer
Colon cancer, also called colorectal cancer, begins in the colon or rectum, both integral parts of the gastrointestinal (GI) system. The cancer often starts as benign growths, called polyps, on the inner lining of the colon or rectum. Over time, some polyps can become cancerous. Early removal of these polyps can often prevent cancer development.
The Silent Nature of Colon Cancer
One of the most challenging aspects of colon cancer is its subtle onset. Many early cases show no symptoms, making regular gastro screenings vital for catching the disease in its early stages.
Some of the symptoms that may arise later include the following:
- A change in bowel habits, like persistent diarrhea or constipation
- Blood in stools or rectal bleeding
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue or weakness
- Cramping or abdominal discomfort
Since these symptoms often overlap with other gastrointestinal conditions, consulting a GI specialist is essential for accurate diagnosis and care.
Why Regular Gastro Screenings Are Vital
Screenings are powerful tools that detect cancer when it is more treatable. The American Cancer Society recommends that individuals at average risk start regular screenings at age 45, though earlier screenings may be necessary for those with a family history or other high-risk factors.
How Screenings Prevent Colon Cancer
Screenings identify potential concerns before they escalate. Here is how they help:
- Detecting Precancerous Polyps: Gastro screenings, such as colonoscopies, help detect polyps before they develop into cancer.
- Early Detection: Early identification of cancer significantly improves survival rates.
- Reducing Treatment Intensity: Catching cancer early may require less aggressive treatments, improving quality of life.
Popular Types of Gastrointestinal Screenings
A variety of screening methods are currently recommended by GI specialists for colon cancer detection. Each option has its strengths, and healthcare providers can help guide patients based on their health status and preferences.
Colonoscopy
Often regarded as the gold standard in gastro screenings, colonoscopies allow physicians to examine the inner lining of the colon and rectum using a flexible tube with a camera. If polyps are detected, they can often be removed during the colonoscopy procedure.
Colonoscopies are recommended every 10 years for individuals at average risk.
Flexible Sigmoidoscopy
This procedure is similar to a colonoscopy but focuses only on the lower part of the colon. Flexible sigmoidoscopies are less invasive and may be repeated every five years.
Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)
The FIT test examines stool samples for hidden blood, which may indicate polyps or colorectal cancer. This non-invasive test is typically done annually.
Risk Factors for Colon Cancer
Knowing your risk factors for developing colon cancer empowers you to take preventive measures. Common factors include:
- Age: Colon cancer risk increases after age 50, though cases in younger individuals are rising.
- Family History: Having close relatives diagnosed with colon cancer increases the likelihood of developing the disease.
- Diet: High consumption of red or processed meats is linked to an elevated risk.
- Lifestyle Choices: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a sedentary lifestyle contribute to higher risk.
- Conditions: Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, increase susceptibility.
Consulting a gastroenterologist to explore your specific risk profile can help establish a personalized prevention strategy.
Tips for a Healthier Gastrointestinal System
While regular screenings are critical, maintaining a healthy gastrointestinal system also plays a significant role in colon cancer prevention.
- Adopt a Balanced Diet: Focus on consuming fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. High fiber intake supports digestive health.
- Stay Active: Regular exercise improves digestion and greatly contributes to overall well-being.
- Moderate Alcohol and Quit Smoking: Avoid harmful substances that may increase GI tract inflammation.
- Drink Water: Proper hydration ensures smooth digestion and protects the lining of the GI system.
- Maintain Healthy Weight: Obesity is a known risk factor for colon cancer; healthy weight control reduces risk.
Gastro Doctor in Syracuse, NY
Colon cancer is preventable and treatable when caught early. Regular gastro screenings can make a life-changing difference. If you are 45 or older or have risk factors, consult a medical professional to discuss your screening options.
You can rely on a healthcare provider with a proven track record of excellence in gastroenterology. The Department of Medicine at SUNY: Upstate Medical University offers world-class care to patients across Upstate New York. Whether you need a consultation or gastro screening, our dedicated team of specialists is here to guide you every step of the way.
Contact one of our gastro doctors directly or email us at DeptMedicine@upstate.edu to find out more. We look forward to serving you!
